CARCINOGENS IN COSMETICS?

The laws governing cosmetics and personal care products are so limited that known cancer-causing chemicals, or carcinogens, are legally allowed in personal care products. Some carcinogens, such as formaldehyde and formaldehyde-releasing preservatives, are common in personal care products, while others are less common, but still occasionally present.

FOUND IN: A wide variety of products, depending upon the ingredient

HOW CAN YOU AVOID CARCINOGENS IN COSMETICS?

Read labels and avoid cosmetics and personal care products containing formaldehyde and formaldehyde-releasing preservatives (quaternium-15, diazolidinyl urea, imidazolidinyl urea, DMDM hydantoin, and 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3 diol), phenacetin, coal tar, benzene, untreated or mildly treated mineral oils, ethylene oxide, chromium, cadmium and its compounds, arsenic and crystalline silica (or quartz).

HEALTH CONCERNS: Cancer, endocrine disruption, developmental and reproductive toxicity, bioaccumulation, ecotoxicity.
VULNERABLE POPULATIONS: All
REGULATIONS: Formaldehyde is prohibited in Japan,[1] and restricted in the EU;[2] coal tar is prohibited in the EU;[3] benzene is prohibited in the EU;[4]  ethylene oxide is prohibited in the EU;[5] chromium is prohibited in the EU; [6] cadmium compounds are prohibited in Japan[7] and the EU;[8] arsenic is prohibited in the EU.[9]

Where do we find those known human carcinogenic chemicals?The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) is an intergovernmental agency, and part of the World Health Organization. IARC’s mission is to enhance collaboration in cancer research internationally.[10]

IARC consolidates scientific evidence and classifies the chemicals it reviews into five levels:[11]

• Group 1: Carcinogenic to humans
• Group 2A: Probably carcinogenic to humans
• Group 2B: Possibly carcinogenic to humans
• Group 3: Not classifiable as to their carcinogenicity to humans
• Group 4: Probably not carcinogenic to humans.

Of the 113 agents listed by IARC as known human carcinogens (Groups 1), at least 11 have been or are currently used in personal care products: formaldehyde, phenacetin, coal tar, benzene, untreated or mildly treated mineral oils, methylene glycol, ethylene oxide, chromium, cadmium and its compounds, arsenic, and crystalline silica or quartz.[12]

Carcinogens in personal care products: Chemicals and their health concerns?

FormaldehydePhenacetinCoal TarBenzene Mineral oils (untreated and mildly treated)Ethylene oxide Heavy MetalsCadmium and its compoundsArsenicChromium Silica 

Reference

[1] Ministry of Healtth, Labour and Welfare. Standards for Cosmetics. Available online: http://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/dl/cosmetics.pdf July 23, 2014.

[2] European Commission. Crude and refined coal tars. Available online: http://ec.europa.eu/consumers/cosmetics/cosing/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.details&id=28255 July 23, 2014.

[3] European Commission. Crude and refined coal tars. Available online: http://ec.europa.eu/consumers/cosmetics/cosing/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.details&id=28768 July 23, 2014.

[4] European Commission. Chromium trioxide. Available online: http://ec.europa.eu/consumers/cosmetics/cosing/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.details_v2&id=28884 July 23, 2014.

[5] European Commission. Crude and refined coal tars. Available online: http://ec.europa.eu/consumers/cosmetics/cosing/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.details&id=28401 July 23, 2014.

[6] European Commission. Chromium trioxide. Available online: http://ec.europa.eu/consumers/cosmetics/cosing/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.details_v2&id=80923 July 23, 2014.

[7] Ministry of Healtth, Labour and Welfare. Standards for Cosmetics. Available online: http://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/dl/cosmetics.pdf July 23, 2014.

[8] European Commission. Cadmium and its compounds. Available online: http://ec.europa.eu/consumers/cosmetics/cosing/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.details_v2&id=29456 July 23, 2014.

[9] European Commission. Arsenic. Available online: http://ec.europa.eu/consumers/cosmetics/cosing/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.details_v2&id=28880July 23, 2014.

[10] International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). IARC mission. Available online: http://www.iarc.fr/en/about/index.php July 31, 2014.

[11] International Agency for Research on Cancer. Agents classified by the IARC monographs, volumes 1-109. Available online: http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/ July 31, 2014.

[12] IARC Monographs. Agents classified by the IARC Monographs. Vol. 1-109, available online: http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/ClassificationsAlphaOrder.pdf July 22, 2014.

[13] Occupational Safety & Health Administration. Formaldehyde. Available online: https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/formaldehyde/index.html July 30, 2014.

[14] Moennich J. et al. Formaldehyde-releasing preservative in baby and cosmetic products. Journal of the Dermatology Nurses’ Association, vol. 1, pp. 211-214, 2009.

[15] Jacob S. & Breithaupt A., Environmental Exposures – A pediatric perspective on allergic contact dermatitis. Skin & Aging. July 2009: 28-36.

[16] Calfornia Safe Cosmetics Program Product Database. Formaldehyde. Available online: https://safecosmetics.cdph.ca.gov/search/categories.aspx August 6, 2014.

[17] Joshua H, & Hillebrand E., Determination of free formaldehyde in cosmetic preservatives and surfactants by HPLC with postcolumn derivatization. American Laboratory, vol. 42, no. 8, pp 14-15, 2010.

[18] Jacob S. & Breithaupt A., Environmental Exposures – A pediatric perspective on allergic contact dermatitis. Skin & Aging. July 2009: 28-36.

[19] Moennich J. et al. Formaldehyde-releasing golpreservative in baby and cosmetic products. Journal of the Dermatology Nurses’ Association, vol. 1, pp. 211-214, 2009.

[20] Jacob S. & Breithaupt A., Environmental Exposures – A pediatric perspective on allergic contact dermatitis. Skin & Aging. July 2009: 28-36.

[21] Chemicals Known to the State to Cause Cancer or Reproductive Toxicity. Available online: http://oehha.ca.gov/prop65/prop65_list/files/P65single01032014.pdf July 22, 2014.

[22]IARC Monographs. Agents classified by the IARC Monographs. Vol. 1-109, available online: http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/ClassificationsAlphaOrder.pdf July 22, 2014.

[23] U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Public Health Service National Toxicology Program. Report on carcinogens. 12th  edition, 2011.

[24] U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. IRIS: formaldehyde. Available online: http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0395.htm July 24, 2014.

[25] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NOISH pocket guide to chemical hazards: naphtha (coal tar). Available online: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0293.html July 24, 2014.

[26] Ministry of Healtth, Labour and Welfare. Standards for Cosmetics. Available online: http://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/dl/cosmetics.pdf July 23, 2014.

[27] European Commission. Formaldehyde. Available online: http://ec.europa.eu/consumers/cosmetics/cosing/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.details&id=28255 July 23, 2014.

[28] Silent Spring Institution. Mammary carcinogens review database: phenacetin. Available online: http://sciencereview.silentspring.org/mamm_detail.cfm?cid=62-44-2 July 22, 2014.

[29] Silent Spring Institution. Mammary carcinogens review database: phenacetin. Available online: http://sciencereview.silentspring.org/mamm_detail.cfm?cid=62-44-2 July 22, 2014.

[30] Good Guide. Phenacetin. Available online: http://www.goodguide.com/ingredients/37822-phenacetin?category_id=184447-hair-color-and-bleachingJuly 31, 2014.

[31] Chemicals Known to the State to Cause Cancer or Reproductive Toxicity. Available online: http://oehha.ca.gov/prop65/prop65_list/files/P65single01032014.pdf July 22, 2014.

[32]IARC Monographs. Agents classified by the IARC Monographs. Vol. 1-109, available online: http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/ClassificationsAlphaOrder.pdf July 22, 2014.

[33] National Toxicology Program. Reports on carcinogens, twelfth eidion (2011): phenacetin. Available online: http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/roc/twelfth/roc12.pdf July 31, 2014.

[34]National Toxicology Program. CAS registry number: 62-44-2 toxicity effects. Available online: http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/testing/status/chemid/hsdb-62-44-2.html July 22, 2014.

[35] Silent Spring Institution. Mammary carcinogens review database: phenacetin. Available online: http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/testing/status/chemid/hsdb-62-44-2.html July 22, 2014.

[36] EWG’s Skin Deep Cosmetics Database. Coal tar. Available online: http://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredient/701514/COAL_TAR/ July 28, 2014.

[37] National Toxicology Program. Reports on Carcinogens, twelfth edition, 2011. Available online: http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/roc/twelfth/roc12.pdf July 23, 2014.

[38]IARC Monographs. Agents classified by the IARC Monographs. Vol. 1-109, available online: http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/ClassificationsAlphaOrder.pdf July 22, 2014.

[39] U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. IRIS: coke oven emissions. Available online: http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0395.htm July 24, 2014.

[40] Gawkrodger DJ., Ocupational Skin cancers. Occupational Medicine, vol. 54, pp 458-63, 2003. Available online: http://occmed.oxfordjournals.org/content/54/7/458.full.pdf August 6, 2014.

[41] National Toxicology Program. Reports on Carcinogens, twelfth edition, 2011. Available online: http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/roc/twelfth/profiles/coaltars.pdf August 5, 2014.

[42] Environment Canada. Coal tar. Available online: http://www.ec.gc.ca/lcpe-cepa/eng/subs_list/DSL/DSLsearch.cfm July 28, 2014.

[43] European Commission. Crude and refined coal tars. Available online: http://ec.europa.eu/consumers/cosmetics/cosing/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.details&id=28768 July 23, 2014.

[44] National Toxiciology Program.Report on carcinogens, twelfth edition (2011): coal tars and coal-tar pitches. Available online: http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/roc/twelfth/profiles/coaltars.pdf July 31, 2014.

[45] Chemicals Known to the State to Cause Cancer or Reproductive Toxicity. Available online: http://oehha.ca.gov/prop65/prop65_list/files/P65single01032014.pdf July 22, 2014.

[46] U.S. EPA, Toxicity and Exoposure Assessment for Children’s Health. Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP). Available online: http://www.epa.gov/teach/chem_summ/BaP_summary.pdf July 31, 2014.

[47] National Toxicity Program (NTP). Available online: http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/about_ntp/bsc/2012/december/pahresearchconcept_508be.pdf July 24, 2014.

[48] National Toxicity Program (NTP). Available online: http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/about_ntp/bsc/2012/december/pahresearchconcept_508be.pdf July 24, 2014.

[49] Silent Spring Institution. Mammary carcinogens review database: phenacetin. Available online: http://sciencereview.silentspring.org/mamm_detail.cfm?cid=71-43-2 July 24, 2014.

[50] United States Department of Labor. OSHA: benzene. Available online: https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/benzene/index.html July 24, 2014.

[51] California Safe Cosmetics Program Product Database. Benzene. Available online: https://safecosmetics.cdph.ca.gov/search/categories.aspx July 31, 2014.

[52] National Toxicology Program. CAS registry number: 62-44-2 toxicity effects. Available online: http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/testing/status/chemid/hsdb-62-44-2.html July 23, 2014.

[53]IARC Monographs. Agents classified by the IARC Monographs. Vol. 1-109, available online: http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/ClassificationsAlphaOrder.pdf July 22, 2014.

[54] Chemicals Known to the State to Cause Cancer or Reproductive Toxicity. Available online: http://oehha.ca.gov/prop65/prop65_list/files/P65single01032014.pdf July 22, 2014.

[55] Silent Spring Institution. Mammary carcinogens review database: phenacetin. Available online: http://sciencereview.silentspring.org/mamm_detail.cfm?cid=71-43-2 July 24, 2014.

[56] United States Environmental Protection Agency. The original list of hazardous air pollutants as follows. Available online: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/188polls.html July 24, 2014.

[57] United States Environmental Protection Agency. Toxic and priority pollutants. Available online: http://water.epa.gov/scitech/methods/cwa/pollutants-background.cfm#pp August 6, 2014.

[58] The Endocrine Disruption Exchange (TEDX). Benzene. Available online: http://endocrinedisruption.org/popup-chemical-details?chemid=401 July 24, 2014.

[59] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NOISH pocket guide to chemical hazards: benzene. Available online: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0049.html July 24, 2014.

[60] European Commission. Chromium trioxide. Available online: http://ec.europa.eu/consumers/cosmetics/cosing/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.details_v2&id=28884 July 23, 2014.

[61] OSPAR Commission. List of substances of possible concern. Available online: http://www.ospar.org/content/content.asp?menu=01460304880153_000000_000000 July 24, 2014.

[62] IARC Monographs. Mineral oils, untreated or mildly treated. Available online: http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/vol100F/mono100F-19.pdfJuly 28, 2014.

[63] EWG’s Skin Deep Cosmetics Database. Mineral oil. Available online: http://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredient/703977/MINERAL_OIL/ July 28, 2014.

[64] Chemicals Known to the State to Cause Cancer or Reproductive Toxicity. Available online: http://oehha.ca.gov/prop65/prop65_list/files/P65single01032014.pdf July 22, 2014.

[65] National Toxicology Program. CAS registry number: 62-44-2 toxicity effects. Available online: http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/testing/status/chemid/hsdb-62-44-2.html July 23, 2014.

[66]IARC Monographs. Agents classified by the IARC Monographs. Vol. 1-109, available online: http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/ClassificationsAlphaOrder.pdf July 22, 2014.

[67] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NOISH pocket guide to chemical hazards: oil mist (mineral). Available online: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0472.html July 24, 2014.

[68] IARC Monographs. Ethylene oxide. Available online: http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/vol97/mono97-7.pdf August 5, 2014.

[69] EWG’s Skin Deep Cosmetics Database. Formaldehyde. Available online: http://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredient/726229/ETHYLENE_OXIDE/ July 28, 2014.

[70] Silent Spring Institution. Mammary carcinogens review database: ethylene oxide. Available online: http://sciencereview.silentspring.org/mamm_detail.cfm?cid=75-21-8 July 28, 2014.

[71] Silent Spring Institution. Mammary carcinogens review database: ethylene oxide. Available online: http://sciencereview.silentspring.org/mamm_detail.cfm?cid=75-21-8 July 28, 2014.

[72] Chemicals Known to the State to Cause Cancer or Reproductive Toxicity. Available online: http://oehha.ca.gov/prop65/prop65_list/files/P65single01032014.pdf July 22, 2014.

[73] The Endocrine Disruption Exchange (TEDX). Benzene. Available online: http://endocrinedisruption.org/popup-chemical-details?chemid=578 July 24, 2014.

[74] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NOISH pocket guide to chemical hazards: naphtha (coal tar). Available online: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0275.html July 24, 2014.

[75] European Commission. Crude and refined coal tars. Available online: http://ec.europa.eu/consumers/cosmetics/cosing/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.details&id=28401 July 23, 2014.

[76] Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Hexavalent Chromium. Available online: https://www.osha.gov/Publications/OSHA-3373-hexavalent-chromium.pdf August 5, 2014.

[77] Occupational Safety & Health Administration. Cadmium. Available online: https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/cadmium/ August 5, 2014.

[78] EWG’s Skin Deep Cosmetic Database. Available online: http://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredient/717716/CHROMIUM/ August 5, 2014.

[79] EWG’s Skin Deep Database. Impurities of concern in personal care products. Available online: http://www.ewg.org/skindeep/2007/02/04/impurities-of-concern-in-personal-care-products/ August 6, 2014.

[80] California Safe Cosmetics Program Product Database. Arsenic. Available online: https://safecosmetics.cdph.ca.gov/search/products.aspx July 30, 2014

[81] Hormones Matter. Toxins in cosmetics – contaminants in your personal care products. Available online: http://www.hormonesmatter.com/toxins-cosmetics/ August 6, 2014.

[82] EWG’s Skin Deep Database. Arsenic. Available online: http://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredient/726195/ARSENIC/ August 7, 2014.

[83] Chemicals Known to the State to Cause Cancer or Reproductive Toxicity. Available online: http://oehha.ca.gov/prop65/prop65_list/files/P65single01032014.pdf July 23, 2014.

[84] IARC Monographs. Agents classified by the IARC Monographs. Vol. 1-109, available online: http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/ClassificationsAlphaOrder.pdf July 23, 2014.

[85] National Toxicology Program. CAS registry number: 62-44-2 toxicity effects. Available online: http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/testing/status/chemid/hsdb-62-44-2.html July 23, 2014.

[86] Chemicals Known to the State to Cause Cancer or Reproductive Toxicity. Available online: http://oehha.ca.gov/prop65/prop65_list/files/P65single01032014.pdf July 23, 2014.

[87] United States Department of Labor. OSHA: cadmium. Available online: https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/cadmium/index.html July 23, 2014.

[88] Ministry of Healtth, Labour and Welfare. Standards for Cosmetics. Available online: http://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/dl/cosmetics.pdf July 23, 2014.

[89] European Commission. Cadmium and its compounds. Available online: http://ec.europa.eu/consumers/cosmetics/cosing/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.details_v2&id=29456 July 23, 2014.

[90] U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). IRIS: Arsenic, inorganic. Available online: http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0278.htm July 23, 2014.

[91] United States Environmental Protection Agency. Priority Polutants. Available online: http://water.epa.gov/scitech/methods/cwa/pollutants.cfm July 23, 2014.

[92] The Endocrine Disruption Exchange (TEDX). Arsenic. Available online: http://endocrinedisruption.org/popup-chemical-details?chemid=389 July 23, 2014.

[93] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NOISH pocket guide to chemical hazards: Arsenic. Available online: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0038.html July 23, 2014.

[94] European Commission. Arsenic. Available online: http://ec.europa.eu/consumers/cosmetics/cosing/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.details_v2&id=28880July 23, 2014.

[95] European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). Candidate list of substances of very high concern for authorization: chromium trioxide. Available online: http://echa.europa.eu/candidate-list-table?p_p_id=substancetypelist_WAR_substanceportlet&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&p_p_col_id=column-1&p_p_col_pos=2&p_p_col_count=3&_substancetypelist_WAR_substanceportlet_delta=20&_substancetypelist_WAR_substanceportlet_keywords=&_substancetypelist_WAR_substanceportlet_advancedSearch=false&_substancetypelist_WAR_substanceportlet_andOperator=true&_substancetypelist_WAR_substanceportlet_orderByCol=INCLUSIONDATECL&_substancetypelist_WAR_substanceportlet_orderByType=desc&_substancetypelist_WAR_substanceportlet_cur=6July 23, 2014.

[96] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NOISH pocket guide to chemical hazards: Chromic acid and chromates. Available online: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0138.html July 23, 2014.

[97] United States Environmental Protection Agency. Priority Polutants. Available online: http://water.epa.gov/scitech/methods/cwa/pollutants.cfm July 23, 2014.

[98] European Commission. Chromium trioxide. Available online: http://ec.europa.eu/consumers/cosmetics/cosing/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.details_v2&id=80923 July 23, 2014.

[99] United Stated Department of Labor. OSHA: silica, crystalline. Available online: https://www.osha.gov/dsg/topics/silicacrystalline/index.html July 22, 2014.

[100] Crystalline silica and health from a European industry perspective. What is respirable crystalline silica (RSC) ? Available online: http://www.crystallinesilica.eu/content/what-respirable-crystalline-silica-rcs July 31, 2014.

[101] EWG’s Skin Deep Cosmetics Database. Silica, crystalline. Available online: http://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredient/705472/SILICA%2C_CRYSTALLINE_%28QUARTZ%29/ July 28, 2014.

[102] U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Public Health Service National Toxicology Program. Report on carcinogens. 12th  edition, 2011.

[103] IARC Monographs. Agents classified by the IARC Monographs. Vol. 1-109, available online: http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/ClassificationsAlphaOrder.pdf July 22, 2014.

[104] Chemicals Known to the State to Cause Cancer or Reproductive Toxicity. Available online: http://oehha.ca.gov/prop65/prop65_list/files/P65single01032014.pdf July 22, 2014.

[105] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NOISH pocket guide to chemical hazards, silica, crystalline. Available online: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0684.html July 22, 2014.

http://www.safecosmetics.org/get-the-facts/chemicals-of-concern/known-carcinogens/

Homemade Garlic Croutons Recipe

Add garlic croutons to your favorite soups and salads for a bit of crunch.

By Tabitha AltermanNovember/December 2015

Homemade croutons are an excellent addition to fresh soups and salads throughout the year.

Photo by Fotolia

  

Pan frying semidry bread is the best way to achieve a crouton that is crispy on the outside and chewy on the inside. You can use bread that has already dried out completely, but it won’t be as chewy inside.

Homemade Garlic Croutons Recipe

Ingredients:

• 6 to 8 slices stale, whole-grain bread, cut into 1-inch cubes
• Several cloves garlic (about half a head), peeled and minced (from Saturday’s prep)
• Olive oil
• Sea salt

Instructions:

1. Preheat a wide skillet over medium-high for a couple minutes. Pour in olive oil until it reaches about 1/4-inch deep. Add garlic and cook for 1 minute.

2. Add cubed bread one layer deep, turning carefully to coat all sides with oil. (You may have to repeat this process depending on skillet size.)

3. Fry bread about 10 to 15 minutes, continually turning cubes until all sides are golden-brown.

4. Transfer to towel to drain and cool. Sprinkle with salt while hot.

Cranberry Juice Can be Part of a Weight-Friendly Diet

Cranberry Juice Can be Part of a Weight-Friendly Diet

Data shows cranberry juice consumers having lower waist circumferences 
and lower risk of obesity than non-cranberry juice consumers !

- After all the fine holiday feasting, January is that time of year when many of us
 delve into the barren wasteland of healthy choices.  You may not be able to have
your cake and eat it too, but you may be able to have your cranberry juice as
part of a healthy diet!  Data suggests those adults who drink cranberry juice
part of their daily routine, have a healthy weight and normal body mass index
 as compared to non-consumers.

So what is the skinny on cranberry juice and a healthy weight? Drink in data from a study based on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), which examined the association between cranberry juice consumption with macronutrient intake and weight status¹. The study among US adults (19+ years of age), found that compared with non cranberry juice consumers, those who did were found to be leaner and had lower odds of obesity.  The results were similar to those reported for other 100% fruit juices.  While further research is needed, these observations suggest cranberry beverages can be part of a healthy diet.
Fruit juices, including cranberry contain micronutrients and vitamins which can help support and maintain a healthy lifestyle. Cranberry juice is especially rich in flavonoids, which are known for their health-promoting benefits.  Despite the ongoing controversy around sugar content in certain beverages and health, research indicates that cranberry juice consumption can be part of an overall health.
Another juicy tidbit is the fact that cranberry juice contains unique compounds that may have health benefits for your whole body, including the urinary tract, stomach and heart.  With this early work as a warm up in regards to cranberry juice and a healthy weight, it's exciting to consider what other benefits the cranberry may be able to provide.
(¹ Duffey, KJ, Sutherland LA. 2013. Adult Cranberry Beverage Consumers have Healthier Macronutrient Intakes and Measures of Body Composition Compared to Non-Consumers: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2008. Nutrients, 5: 4938-4949.)
About Ocean SprayOcean Spray is a vibrant agricultural cooperative owned by more than 700 cranberry farmers in the United States, Canada and Chile who have helped preserve the family farming way of life for generations. Formed in 1930, Ocean Spray is now the world's leading producer of cranberry juices, juice drinks and dried cranberries and is the best-selling brand in the North American bottled juice category.
The Cooperative's cranberries are currently featured in more than a thousand great-tasting, good-for-you products in over 100 countries worldwide. With more than 2,000 employees and nearly 20 cranberry receiving and processing facilities, Ocean Spray is committed to managing our business in a way that respects our communities, employees and the environment. For more information visit: www.oceanspray.com or www.oceanspray.coop.

SOURCE Ocean Spray

Benefits of Vitamin K

How to Make Organic Butter

Ingredients

• 2 cups organic heavy cream
• sea salt, to taste

Method

• Pour cream into food processor and process for about 10 minutes.  It will turn to a thick whipped cream first.
• Continue processing until it turns  grainy and separate into butter and butter milk.  Drain buttermilk from butter.
• Scrape butter from the sides.  Put in a clean bowl.  Place your butter into a colander and strain off the buttermilk.
• Rinse the butter with cold water, gently turning the butter with a spoon while the cold water runs over it until the water runs clear.
• When the butter is clean, squeeze more  liquid from butter using wooden paddles or spoons to smash butter and pour off liquid.
• You can keep it in a jar or bowl, and store it in the fridge, or the freezer. This type of butter can last for several months before going bad.

http://www.realfarmacy.com/diy-organic-butter-under-5-minutes/